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1.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 21: eRC0544, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1520846

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Tailgut cysts are rare congenital lesions that are remnants of the embryonic hindgut. This abnormality presents with non-specific symptoms or no symptoms; therefore, misdiagnosis is common. Here, we present four cases of tailgut cysts that were successfully removed using a robotic surgical approach. A 42-year-old woman with tenesmus, pain in the right gluteal region, and discomfort in the rectal region during evacuation was referred to our medical center. Another patient was a 28-year-old woman who presented with the same symptoms to our general practitioner. Both patients underwent upper abdominal and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging that revealed a tailgut cyst. Further, a 36-year-old woman was referred with coccyx and hypogastric pain. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed two pararectal cystic formations. She underwent robot-assisted surgery, and after analysis by a pathologist, the conclusion was that the tailgut cyst was associated with scarring fibrosis. A 55-year-old woman with posterior epigastric pelvic pain associated with heartburn underwent robot-assisted surgery to resect a retroperitoneal tumor. These cases highlighted the importance of tailgut cysts in the differential diagnosis of rectal lesions. Surgical treatment is preferred because malignant transformations can occur. The difference between laparoscopic and robotic approaches is the better visualization and stability of the latter, inducing less tissue damage. Robotic resection is a safe procedure, especially in patients with a narrow pelvis, because it reduces tissue damage.

2.
ABCD (São Paulo, Online) ; 36: e1728, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1439007

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The high morbidity and mortality rates of pancreaticoduodenectomy are mainly associated with pancreaticojejunal anastomosis, the most fragile and susceptible to complications such as clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula. AIMS: The alternative fistula risk score and the first postoperative day drain fluid amylase are predictors of the occurrence of clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula. No consensus has been reached on which of the scores is a better predictor; moreover, their combined predictive power remains unclear. To the best of our knowledge, this association had not yet been studied. METHODS: This study assessed the predictive effect of alternative fistula risk score and/or drain fluid amylase on clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula in a retrospective cohort of 58 patients following pancreaticoduodenectomy. The Shapiro-Wilk and Mann-Whitney tests were applied for assessing the distribution of the samples and for comparing the medians, respectively. The receiver operating characteristics curve and the confusion matrix were used to analyze the predictive models. RESULTS: The alternative fistula risk score values were not statistically different between patients in the clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula and non- clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula groups (Mann-Whitney U test 59.5, p=0.12). The drain fluid amylase values were statistically different between clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula and non- clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula groups (Mann-Whitney U test 27, p=0.004). The alternative fistula risk score and drain fluid amylase were independently less predictive for clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula, compared to combined alternative fistula risk score + drain fluid amylase. CONCLUSION: The combined model involving alternative fistula risk score >20% + drain fluid amylase=5,000 U/L was the most effective predictor of clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula occurrence following pancreaticoduodenectomy.


RESUMO RACIONAL: A alta morbimortalidade da pancreaticoduodenectomia está associada, principalmente, à anastomose pancreatojejunal, a mais frágil e suscetível a complicações como a fístula pancreática pós-operatória clinicamente relevante (clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula - CR-POPF). OBJETIVOS: O escore alternativo de risco de fístula (alternative fistula risk score) e os níveis de amilase do fluido de drenagem no primeiro dia pós-operatório (first postoperative day drain fluid) são preditores da ocorrência de fístula pancreática pós-operatória clinicamente relevante. Nenhum consenso foi alcançado sobre qual das pontuações é um melhor preditor; além disso, seu poder preditivo combinado permanece obscuro. Até onde sabemos, essa associação ainda não havia sido estudada. MÉTODOS: Este estudo avaliou o efeito preditivo do escore alternativo de risco de fístula e/ou do fluido de drenagem no primeiro dia pós-operatório em uma coorte retrospectiva de 58 pacientes após pancreaticoduodenectomia. Os testes de Shapiro-Wilk e Mann-Whitney foram aplicados para avaliar a distribuição das amostras e para comparar as medianas, respectivamente. A curva de características operacionais do receptor e a matriz de confusão foram utilizadas para analisar os modelos preditivos. RESULTADOS: Os valores do escore alternativo de risco de fístula não foram estatisticamente diferentes entre os pacientes dos grupos fístula pancreática pós-operatória clinicamente relevante e não- fístula pancreática pós-operatória clinicamente relevante (teste U de Mann-Whitney 59,5, p=0,12). Os valores de fluido de drenagem no primeiro dia pós-operatório foram estatisticamente diferentes entre os grupos fístula pancreática pós-operatória clinicamente relevante e não- fístula pancreática pós-operatória clinicamente relevante (teste U de Mann-Whitney 27, p=0,004). O escore alternativo de risco de fístula e fluido de drenagem no primeiro dia pós-operatório foram independentemente menos preditivos para fístula pancreática pós-operatória clinicamente relevante, em comparação com escore alternativo de risco de fístula + fluido de drenagem no primeiro dia pós-operatório combinados. CONCLUSÕES: O modelo combinado envolvendo escore alternativo de risco de fístula>20% + fluido de drenagem no primeiro dia pós-operatório=5.000 U/L foi o preditor mais eficaz da ocorrência de fístula pancreática pós-operatória clinicamente relevante após pancreaticoduodenectomia.

3.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 50: e20233655, 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1529411

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: it is estimated that approximately 20 million people undergo inguinal hernia surgery annually in the world, with the Lichtenstein technique being the most performed surgical procedure. The objective of this study is to analyze the knowledge of the technical principles used in the Lichtenstein technique. Method: Survey-type intersectional study approved by the research ethics committee of São Camilo University Center (CAAE: 70036523.1.0000.0062). During the research period, 11,622 e-mails were sent to members of the main national surgical societies with research on the technical principles of Lichtenstein surgery. The survey was carried out using an electronic form with 10 multiple-choice questions. The form was answered anonymously on the SurveyMonkey and Google Forms platforms. Result: 744 responses were received to the electronic form. Based on this number of respondents, our survey has a confidence level of 95% with a margin of error of 3.5%. It was observed that there is no standardization of the technique among the majority of responders (53.4%). Many surgeons still perform digital dissection of the spermatic cord (47%). A small number of interviewees (15.2%) performed sutures with absorbable thread in the region of the internal oblique aponeurosis, while more than half (55.2%) continued to perform sutures with non-absorbable thread. Most surgeons use a small overlap or fix the mesh juxtaposed to the pubic symphysis (51%). Conclusion: Our research identified that a small percentage of respondents adequately know the technical principles of Lichtenstein surgery. The result brings us new insights into the need to review Lichtenstein technique.


RESUMO Introdução: estima-se que aproximadamente 20 milhões de pessoas sejam submetidas a cirurgia de hérnia inguinal anualmente no mundo, sendo a técnica de Lichtenstein o procedimento cirúrgico mais realizado. O objetivo desse estudo é analisar o conhecimento dos principios técnicos empregados na técnica de Lichtenstein. Método: estudo tipo levantamento interseccional aprovado pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa do Centro Universitário São Camilo (CAAE: 70036523.1.0000.0062). Durante o período da pesquisa foram encaminhados 11.622 e-mails aos membros das principais sociedades cirúrgicas nacionais com uma pesquisa sobre os princípios técnicos da cirurgia de Lichtenstein. A pesquisa foi realizada por formulário eletrônico com 10 questões de múltipla escolha. O formulário foi respondido de forma anônima nas plataformas SurveyMonkey e Google Forms. Resultado: foram recebidos 744 respostas ao formulário eletrônico. Com base nesse número de respondedores, nossa pesquisa apresenta grau de confiança de 95% com margem de erro de 3,5%. Foi observado que não há padronização da técnica entre a maioria dos respondedores (53.4%). Muitos cirurgiões ainda fazem dissecção digital do funículo espermático (47%). Um pequeno número de entrevistados (15,2%) realizam sutura com fio absorvível na região da aponeurose do obliquo interno, enquanto, mais da metade (55,2%) continua fazendo sutura com fio inabsorvível. A maior parte dos cirurgiões utilizam overlap pequeno ou fixam a tela justaposta a sínfise púbica (51%). Conclusão: nossa pesquisa identificou que uma porcentagem pequena dos entrevistados conhecem adequadamente os princípios técnicos da cirurgia de Lichtenstein. O resultado nos traz novas percepções sob a necessidade de revistar a consagrada técnica de Lichtenstein.

4.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 27(1): 102722, 2023. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420733

ABSTRACT

Abstract Rationale Perianal tuberculosis is extremely rare without previous or active pulmonary infection. Ulcerative skin lesion is a rare presentation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in the oral, perianal, or genital mucosa and the adjacent skin. Case report A 71-year-old woman complained of pain during evacuation and fecal incontinence for two years. There was an ulcerated lesion in the perianal and intergluteal region and perianal fistulous tracts. A polymerase chain reaction test on blood and biopsies of perianal ulcers, perianal fistula, and the intergluteal area was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The pathological examination revealed a chronic epithelioid granulomatous inflammatory process with the presence of multinucleated giant cells. After the end of the tuberculosis drug regimen, there was marked improvement in the patient's clinical condition. Conclusion Even in the absence of an identifiable primary focus, tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of ulcerative and fistulous lesions of the perianal area.

5.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 21: eRC0478, 2023. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1506178

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, a procedure proven effective for treating morbid obesity and metabolic disorders, carries the risk of complications such as the formation of internal hernias. These hernias are often difficult to diagnose and can be potentially fatal because they can cause structural obstruction. Most internal hernias occur in the jejunojejunostomy mesentery space, followed by Petersen's space hernias, although herniation at other locations can also occur. Our case report presents an example of a rare internal hernia after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. A 36-year-old woman presented with an uncommon internal hernia located between the liver and alimentary loop, resulting in the formation of a new space and consequently incarcerating the entire biliopancreatic loop. This type of internal hernia is rare and has not been reported in the literature, indicating that this is the first report of such a case. In this case, we realized that the diagnosis was challenging and imaging examinations could not help determine the etiology of the pain and obstruction. Therefore, videolaparoscopy revealed an uncommon hernia formed by firm adhesion between the hepatic segment III and the alimentary loop mesentery. Our case is an example of an internal hernia that was not detected with a normal computed tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis. Only diagnostic laparoscopy revealed herniation, effectively preventing further complications for the patient.

6.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 59(1): 53-57, Jan.-Mar. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1374450

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background Neuroendocrine neoplasms are extremely rare and account for 0.4% to 2% of all malignant esophageal neoplasms. The burden of the neuroendocrine histological type on the patients' prognosis and survival is poorly debated. This study aimed to compare the survival rates of primary neuroendocrine neoplasms compared with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Methods This is a retrospective cohort from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database. Overall survival and cancer-specific survival were evaluated with Kaplan-Meier curves and logrank tests. Proportional Cox regression models were used to evaluate variables related to overall survival. Results After eligibility criteria, 66,528 patients were selected. The mean follow-up was 22.6 months (SD 35.6). Adenocarcinoma was predominant (62%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (36%). Large cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, and mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma each account for less than 1% each. On the long-term overall survival analysis, esophageal adenocarcinoma showed a better prognosis than all the other histologic types (P-value for logrank test <0.001). With adenocarcinoma as a reference, HR was 1.32 for large cell carcinoma (95%CI 1.2 to 1.45) and 1.37 for small cell carcinoma (95%CI 1.23 to 1.53). The HR was 1.22 for squamous cell carcinoma (95%CI: 1.2 to 1.24); and 1.3 for adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (95%CI 1.01 to 1.66). For multivariate Cox regression analysis, besides age and stage, the neuroendocrine subtypes large cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma were considered independent prognostic variables. Conclusion In the esophagus, large cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma show poorer long-term survival rates than squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.


RESUMO Contexto As neoplasias neuroendócrinas são extremamente raras e representam 0,4% a 2% de todas as neoplasias malignas do esôfago. A determinação prognóstica e avaliação de sobrevida para o tipo histológico neuroendócrino é pouco debatida. Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar as taxas de sobrevida de neoplasias neuroendócrinas primárias comparadas com adenocarcinoma e carcinoma espinocelular de esôfago. Métodos Este é um estudo coorte retrospectivo do banco de dados do Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. A sobrevida global e a sobrevida específica do câncer foram avaliadas com curvas de Kaplan-Meier e testes de logrank. Modelos de regressão de Cox proporcional foram utilizados para avaliar as variáveis relacionadas à sobrevida global. Resultados Após critérios de elegibilidade, foram selecionados 66,528 pacientes. O seguimento médio foi de 22,6 meses (DP 35,6). O adenocarcinoma foi predominante (62%), seguido pelo carcinoma espinocelular (36%). Carcinoma de grandes células, carcinoma de pequenas células e carcinoma adenoneuroendócrino misto representam menos de 1% cada. Na análise de sobrevida global, o adenocarcinoma de esôfago apresentou um prognóstico melhor do que todos os outros tipos histológicos (P valor para teste de logrank < 0,001). Com adenocarcinoma como referência, HR foi de 1,32 para carcinoma de grandes células (IC95% 1,2 a 1,45) e 1,37 para carcinoma de pequenas células (IC95% 1,23 a 1,53). O HR foi de 1,22 para carcinoma espinocelular (IC95%: 1,2 a 1,24); e 1,3 para carcinoma adenoneuroendócrino (IC95% 1,01 a 1,66). Para a análise multivariada da regressão de Cox, além da idade e do estadiamento, os subtipos neuroendócrinos carcinoma de grandes células e carcinoma de pequenas células foram considerados variáveis prognósticas independentes. Conclusão No esôfago, o carcinoma de grandes células e o carcinoma de pequenas células apresentam menores taxas de sobrevida a longo prazo do que o carcinoma espinocelular e o adenocarcinoma.

7.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 20: eAO6500, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1375323

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To examine serum C-reactive protein levels and the prevalence of leukopenia in patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis undergoing treatment with azathioprine and/or mesalazine. Methods Retrospective observational study based on clinical and laboratory data collected from medical records of 76 adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with azathioprine, mesalazine or both. Sex, age, diagnosis, number of blood samples and elevated serum C-reactive protein levels during the follow-up period were recorded. The following variables were analyzed in terms of C-reactive protein levels and leukopenia episodes: sex, age, diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease and type of drug. Statistical analyses included multiple logistic regression and the Fisher's exact test for qualitative variables. Results Leukopenia was observed in 18.4% of patients and was associated with older age and higher doses of medication. In 44% of patients, C-reactive protein levels were high. However, symptoms were not associated with abnormal levels of this marker. Conclusion Regardless of symptoms, serum C-reactive protein levels were not a reliable indicator of controlled inflammatory bowel disease. Leukopenia was independently associated with older age and higher doses of medication and is a common side effect, which should be routinely monitored.

8.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 34(4): e1637, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1360017

ABSTRACT

RESUMO - INTRODUÇÃO: O papilomavírus humano (HPV) é agente das doenças sexualmente transmissíveis de maior prevalência no mundo que estão associadas ao câncer do colo do útero e canal anal. A ação do HPV na carcinogênese colorretal não está ainda estabelecida. OBJETIVO: Estudar a eventual correlação entre a presença do HPV tipo 16 e a expressão gênica da proteína p16INK4a e da oncoproteína E7 de HPV e de seus níveis no tecido do carcinoma colorretal. METODOS: Estudo retrospectivo caso-controle de 79 doentes com carcinoma colorretal divididos em dois grupos: HPV presente e HPV ausente. Foi realizada reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), além da hibridização do tipo dot blot para o HPV 16 e o HPV 18 Amostras do tecido colorretal também foram submetidas ao estudo imuno-histoquimico para avaliar o nível tecidual das proteínas E7 e p16INK4a. RESULTADOS: O HPV foi identificado em 36 (45,6%) casos. Não houve diferença significante entre os grupos quanto ao sexo (p=0,056), idade (p=0,1), localização cólica e/ou retal (0,098) e presença do HPV. A expressão gênica da oncoproteína E7 de HPV estava presente em 3,12% dos casos (p=0,9) e a expressão da proteína p16INK4a foi observada em 46,3% (p=0,27) dos indivíduos com detecção do HPV. CONCLUSÃO: A expressão gênica e os níveis teciduais da oncoproteína E7 e da proteína p16INK4a encontrados nos pacientes positivos para o HPV sugerem a ausência de atividade oncogênica do HPV tipo 16 no carcinoma colorretal.


ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the agent of the most prevalent sexually transmitted diseases in the world associated with cervix and anal canal cancer. The action of HPV on colorectal carcinogenesis is not yet established. OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to study the possible correlation between the presence of HPV16 and the gene expression of p16INK4a protein and HPV E7 oncoprotein and their levels in colorectal carcinoma tissue. METHODS: A retrospective case-control study of 79 patients with colorectal carcinoma was divided into two groups: HPV-positive and HPV-negative. The polymerase chain reaction was performed, in addition to dot-blot hybridization for HPV16 and HPV18. Colorectal tissue samples were also subjected to immunohistochemical study to assess the tissue level of E7 and p16INK4a proteins. RESULTS: HPV was identified in 36 (45.6%) cases. There was no significant difference between groups regarding gender (p=0.056), age (p=0.1), colic and/or rectal location (0.098), and presence of HPV. Gene expression of HPV E7 oncoprotein was present in 3.12% of cases (p=0.9), and p16INK4a protein expression was observed in 46.3% (p=0.27) of those selected with HPV detection. CONCLUSION: Gene expression and tissue levels of E7 oncoprotein and p16INK4a protein found in HPV-positive patients suggest the absence of HPV16 oncogenic activity in colorectal carcinoma.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics , Colorectal Neoplasms/virology , Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16/genetics , Papillomavirus Infections/genetics , Papillomavirus E7 Proteins/genetics , DNA, Viral , Case-Control Studies , Retrospective Studies , Human papillomavirus 16/genetics
9.
Acta cir. bras ; 35(6): e202000606, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1130652

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose To analyze, in aged obese patients, the weight loss, comorbidity control, and safety postoperative complications of bariatric surgery by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass technique. Methods Twenty-seven patients who underwent laparoscopic weight-reducing gastroplasty with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass to treat obesity were included. All patients were ≥ 60 years old at the time of surgery. The Wilcoxon test was used for statistical analysis, and a p-value ≤0.05it was considered significant. Results Ten (90.9%) patients with dyslipidemia were cured (p < 0.001). Nine (81.8%) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had total improvement and 2 (18.2%) had partial improvement (p = 0.003). In 23 patients with systemic arterial hypertension, 9 (39.1%) achieved total improvement and 14 (60.9%) partial improvement (p = 0.140). Five (71.4%) patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome were cured (p = <0.001). For other comorbidities, no partial improvement or cure was shown. Conclusions Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery in obese elderly patients can be performed safely and with low morbidity and mortality rates. The benefits of weight loss and reduced comorbidities are promising and like those of the younger population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Gastric Bypass , Laparoscopy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Obesity/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Middle Aged , Obesity/complications
10.
Acta cir. bras ; 35(7): e202000707, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1130661

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To analyze gene and protein expression of metalloproteinases 1, 2, 9, 11 and 16 and their correlation with clinicopathological variables in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Methods: A retrospective study of 114 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma treated surgically in the period 2006 to 2008 in Hospital de Câncer de Barretos - Fundação Pio XII. The evaluation of gene expression was performed by RT-PCR, and protein by immunohistochemistry. The analysis of gene expression was classified as overexpressed genes and poorly expressed (fold change of approximately 2, p<0.05). The positivity of the markers in the immunohistochemical study was performed by semi-quantitative analysis. The tissue of TMA (Tissue Microarray) was done by two independent pathologists. Results: The gene expression validated by immuno - histochemical was MMP-1(p= 0.00 and 1.57 fold change) and MMP - 2 (p= 0.01 and - 1.84 to fold change) when correlated with the histological types mucinous and adenocarcinoma NOS, MMP9 (p=0.01 and fold change of 1.13) and MMP-16 (p=0.03 and 1.61 fold change) when compared with the histological types villous and adenocarcinoma NOS, MMP - 11 statistically significant in relation to male (p = 0.04 and 1.65 fold change). Conclusions: The MMPs 1, 2, 9, 11 and 16 gene and protein expression with statistical significance in at least one of the clinicopathological variables studied. Thus, we conclude that these MMPs have potential as a prognostic factor in colorectal adenocarcinoma.


Subject(s)
Colorectal Neoplasms , Prognosis , Immunohistochemistry , Adenocarcinoma , Retrospective Studies , Matrix Metalloproteinases
11.
Nursing (Ed. bras., Impr.) ; 23(264): 4072-4076, maio.2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1102871

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência de flebite relacionada ao uso de cateter venoso periférico em crianças e adolescentes. Método: Estudo retrospectivo, quantitativo, com dados provenientes de notificação de flebite relacionada à terapia intravenosa periférica, no período de janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2016 em um hospital infantil na cidade de São Paulo. Resultados: A prevalência de flebite foi de 0,62%, sendo 116 casos notificados em 18.924 crianças e adolescentes. Identificou-se associação significativa do grau de flebite e às variáveis: "Tipo de infusão" (p=0,001) "Fármaco de alta osmolaridade" (p=0,046) e "Uso de soro com eletrólitos" (p=0,005). Conclusão: É fundamental que o enfermeiro avalie o tipo de terapêutica medicamentosa, rede venosa e clínica do paciente, indicando o dispositivo apropriado para essa finalidade, bem como, implementar indicadores de prevalência dos eventos adversos para prevenção e possíveis intervenções precoces, visando a segurança e eficácia na qualidade do cuidado de enfermagem.(AU)


Objective: To identify the prevalence of phlebitis related to the use of peripheral venous catheters in children and adolescents. Method: Retrospective, quantitative study, with data from notification of phlebitis related to peripheral intravenous therapy, from January 2012 to December 2016 in a children's hospital in the city of São Paulo. Results: The prevalence of phlebitis was 0.62%, with 116 cases reported in 18,924 children and adolescents. A significant association was identified between the degree of phlebitis and the variables: "Type of infusion" (p = 0.001) "High osmolarity drug" (p = 0.046) and "Use of serum with electrolytes" (p = 0.005). Conclusion: It is essential that nurses evaluate the type of drug therapy, venous network and patient's clinic, indicating the appropriate device for this purpose, as well as implementing indicators of prevalence of adverse events for prevention and possible early interventions, aiming at safety and efficacy. in the quality of nursing care.(AU)


Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia de flebitis relacionada con el uso de catéteres venosos periféricos en niños y adolescentes. Método: estudio cuantitativo retrospectivo, con datos de notificación de flebitis relacionada con la terapia intravenosa periférica, de enero de 2012 a diciembre de 2016 en un hospital infantil de la ciudad de São Paulo. Resultados: La prevalencia de flebitis fue de 0.62%, con 116 casos reportados en 18,924 niños y adolescentes. Se identificó una asociación significativa entre el grado de flebitis y las variables: "Tipo de infusión" (p = 0.001) "Medicamento de alta osmolaridad" (p = 0.046) y "Uso de suero con electrolitos" (p = 0.005). Conclusión: es esencial que las enfermeras evalúen el tipo de terapia farmacológica, la red venosa y la clínica del paciente, indicando el dispositivo...(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Pediatric Nursing , Phlebitis , Catheters , Child Health Services , Nursing Care
12.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 32(1): e1414, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-973381

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background : It is believed that the Wnt pathway is one of the most important signaling involved in gastric carcinogenesis. Aim : To analyze the protein expression of canonical and non-canonical Wnt pathways in gastric carcinoma. Method : The immunohistochemistry was performed in 72 specimens of gastric carcinomas for evaluating the expression of Wnt-5a, FZD5, GSK3β, axin, CK1, ubiquitin, cyclin D1 and c-myc. Results : There were significant differences for cytoplasm and nucleus ubiquitin for moderately and well differentiated tumors (p=0.03) and for those of the intestinal type of the Lauren classification (p=0.03). The absence of c-myc was related to Lauren's intestinal tumors (p=0.03). Expression of CK1 in the cytoplasm was related to compromised margin (p=0.03). Expression of cyclin D1 protein was more intense in male patients (p=0.03) There was no relation of the positive or negative expression of the Wnt-5a, FZD5, GSK3 and Axin with any clinicopathological variables. Conclusion: The canonical WNT pathway is involved in gastric carcinoma.


RESUMO Racional : Acredita-se que a via Wnt é uma das mais importantes da sinalização envolvidas na carcinogênese gástrica. Objetivos : Analisar a expressão das proteínas das vias Wnt canônicas e não-canônicas no carcinoma gástrico e relacionar sua expressão com as variáveisclinicopatológicas. Método : Foram coletadas 72 amostras de carcinoma gástrico, e áreas representativas do tumor foram selecionadas para o Tissue Microarray. Imunoistoquímica foi realizada para avaliar a expressão de Wnt-5a, FZD5, GSK3β, axina, CK1, ubiquitina, ciclina D1 e c-myc. Resultados : Houve diferenças significativas para a expressão de ubiquitina no citoplasma e núcleo para tumores moderadamente e bem diferenciados (p=0,03) e para aqueles do tipo intestinal da classificação de Lauren (p=0,03). A expressão negativa da proteína c-myc no citoplasma foi relacionada aos tumores intestinais de Lauren (p=0,028). A expressão positiva de CK1 no citoplasma das células neoplásicas foi relacionada a tumores com margens cirúrgicas livre de envolvimento neoplásico (p=0,03). A expressão positiva da proteína ciclina D1 foi maior nos tumores dos homens (p=0,03). Não houve relação da expressão positiva ou negativa das proteínas Wnt-5a e FZD5 no citoplasma ou núcleo com quaisquer variáveis clinicopatológicas. O mesmo foi observado para GSK3β e Axin. Conclusões : A relação da expressão das proteínas da via canônica com as variáveis epidemiológicas e tumorais sugere sua participação na carcinogênese gástrica. Por outro lado, a ausência da relação das expressões das proteínas da via não-canônica sugere sua não participação na carcinogênese gástrica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Stomach Neoplasms/chemistry , Carcinoma/chemistry , Wnt Signaling Pathway , Neoplasm Proteins/analysis , Reference Values , Stomach Neoplasms/pathology , Immunohistochemistry , Carcinoma/pathology , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/analysis , Cyclin D1/analysis , Ubiquitin/analysis , Casein Kinase I/analysis , Frizzled Receptors/analysis , Axin Protein/analysis , Carcinogenesis , Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta/analysis , Wnt-5a Protein/analysis , Neoplasm Staging
13.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 29(4): 227-231, Oct.-Dec. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-837532

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Gastric cancer is the fifth most frequent cancer and the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.It has been reported that Wnt/ betacatenin pathway is activated in 30-50% of these tumors. However,the deregulation of this pathway has not been fully elucidated. Aim: To determine the expression of E-cadherin, betacatenin, APC, TCF-4 and survivin proteins in gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and correlate with clinical and pathological parameters. Method: Seventy-one patients with gastric adenocarcinoma undergoing gastrectomy were enrolled. The expression of E-cadherin, betacatenin, APC, TCF-4 and survivin proteins was detected by immunohistochemistryand related to the clinical and pathological parameters. Results: The expression rates of E-cadherin in the membrane was 3%; betacatenin in the cytoplasm and nucleus were 23,4% and 3,1% respectively; APC in the cytoplasm was 94,6%; TCF-4 in the nucleus was 19,4%; and survivin in the nucleus 93,9%. The expression rate of E-cadherin was correlated with older patients (p=0,007), while betacatenin with tumors <5 cm (p=0,041) and APC with proximal tumors (p=0,047). Moreover, the expression of TCF-4 was significantly higher in the diffuse type (p=0,017) and T4 tumors (p=0,002). Conclusion: The Wnt/betacatenin is not involved in gastric carcinogenesis. However, the high frequency of survivin allows to suggest that other signaling pathways must be involved in the transformation of gastric tissue.


RESUMO Racional: O câncer gástrico encontra-se entre as principais neoplasias malignas do mundo sendo o quinto mais incidente e o terceiro em relação ao índice de mortalidade. Acredita-se que a via Wnt/betacatenina esteja ativada em 30-50% desses tumores, porém a desregulação dela ainda não está completamente esclarecida. Objetivo: Avaliar a imunoexpressão das proteínas E-caderina, betacatenina, APC, TCF-4 e survivina em tecidos de adenocarcinoma gástrico e correlacioná-las com as variáveis clínicas dos doentes e anatomopatológicas do tumor. Método: Foram coletados os dados clínicos e anatomopatológicos dos prontuários de 71 doentes com adenocarcinoma gástrico submetidos à gastrectomia. O material obtido na operação foi submetido à análise imunoistoquímica e a frequência da expressão de cada proteína pôde ser analisada de acordo com a sua localização na célula e relacionada com as variáveis clinicopatológicas. Resultados: A graduação percentualda expressão e da localização das proteínas foi a seguinte: E-caderina em 3% na membrana; betacatenina em 23,4% no citoplasma e 3,1% no núcleo; APC em 94,6% no citoplasma; TCF-4 em19,4% no núcleo; e survivina em 93,9% no núcleo. Houve relação entre expressão da proteína E-caderina com a idade mais avançada (p=0,007); betacatenina com tumores <5 cm de diâmetro (p=0,041);APC com tumores proximais (p=0,047); e TCF-4 com tipo difuso da classificação de Lauren (p=0,017) e com o grau de penetração tumoral (p=0,002). Conclusão: A via Wnt/betacatenina não está envolvida na carcinogênese gástrica. Porém, a frequência elevada de survivina permite sugerir que outras vias sinalizadoras devam estar envolvidas na transformação do tecido gástrico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Stomach Neoplasms/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma/metabolism , Cadherins/biosynthesis , Wnt Proteins/biosynthesis , Transcription Factors/biosynthesis , Antigens, CD , Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein/biosynthesis , Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins/biosynthesis , Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/biosynthesis , Wnt Signaling Pathway , Transcription Factor 4 , Survivin
14.
Braspen J ; 31(4): 293-298, out.-dez. 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-847231

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A avaliação do estado nutricional no período perioperatório é de fundamental importância na modulação da resposta orgânica ao trauma cirúrgico. Pacientes desnutridos possuem maior chance de apresentar complicações. Objetivo: Verificar a relação de parâmetros nutricionais com o tempo de internação e óbitos. Método: Estudo retrospectivo, transversal, com coleta de dados secundários, realizada por meio de ficha de triagem nutricional, NRS-2002, em hospital público de São Paulo, SP, entre abril e julho de 2012. Resultados: Foram avaliados 315 pacientes, a idade média encontrada foi de 64,06 anos, a média de internação foi de 10,97 dias, a maioria foi de idosos (66,35%) do gênero feminino. 6,3% dos pacientes foram a óbito. A maioria dos adultos apresentou excesso de peso. Havia 32,06% de pacientes idosos desnutridos. Os pacientes com neoplasias apresentaram média de índice de massa corporal (IMC) menor do que os sem neoplasias e maior tempo de internação. Idosos com neoplasias foram a óbito duas vezes mais do que os idosos sem a doença. A média da contagem total de linfócitos (CTL) dos pacientes (adultos e idosos) com neoplasias foi menor do que a dos adultos sem a doença. Os idosos que foram a óbito apresentaram IMC e CTL significativamente menor do que o grupo que não foi a óbito. Houve correlação negativa entre o IMC e o tempo de internação e entre a CTL e o tempo de internação de idosos. Conclusão: Existe correlação entre os parâmetros nutricionais IMC e CTL com o tempo de internação e óbitos de pacientes cirúrgicos adultos e idosos.(AU)


Introduction: The assessment of nutritional status in the perioperative period is of fundamental importance in the modulation of organic response to surgical trauma. Malnourished patients are more likely to have complications. Objective: To investigate the relationship of nutritional parameters with the length of hospitalization and deaths. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study, with secondary data collection, carried out through nutritional screening record, NRS-2002. Study performed in a public hospital of São Paulo, SP, between April and July 2012. Results: A total of 315 patients, the mean age was 64.06 years, the average hospital stay was 10.97 days, most were elderly (66.35%) were female. 6.3% of patients died. Most adults showed overweight. 32.06% of elderly patients were undernourished. Patients with cancer had lower mean body mass index (BMI) than those without cancer and longer hospital stays. Seniors with cancer died two times more than older people without the disease. The mean total lymphocyte count (TLC) of patients (adults and elderly) with tumor was smaller than that of adults with the disease. The elderly who died showed BMI and TLC significantly lower than the group that was not death. There was a negative correlation between BMI and the length of stay and between the TLC and the hospitalization of the elderly. Conclusion: There is a correlation between nutritional parameters BMI and TLC with the length of hospitalization and deaths of adult and elderly surgical patients.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Surgical Procedures, Operative/mortality , Nutritional Status , Length of Stay , Cross-Sectional Studies/instrumentation , Retrospective Studies
15.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 14(2): 135-142, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-788030

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the destruction complex of beta-catenin by the expression of the proteins beta-catetenin, adenomatous polyposis coli, GSK3β, axin and ubiquitin in colorectal carcinoma and colonic adenoma. Methods Tissue samples from 64 patients with colorectal carcinoma and 53 patients with colonic adenoma were analyzed. Tissue microarray blocks and slides were prepared and subjected to immunohistochemistry with polyclonal antibodies in carcinoma, adjacent non-neoplastic mucosa, and adenoma tissues. The immunoreactivity was evaluated by the percentage of positive stained cells and by the intensity assessed through of the stained grade of proteins in the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells. In the statistical analysis, the Spearman correlation coefficient, Student’s t, χ2, Mann-Whitney, and McNemar tests, and univariate logistic regression analysis were used. Results In colorectal carcinoma, the expressions of beta-catenin and adenomatous polyposis coli proteins were significantly higher than in colonic adenomas (p<0.001 and p<0.0001, respectively). The immunoreactivity of GSK3β, axin 1 and ubiquitin proteins was significantly higher (p=0.03, p=0.039 and p=0.03, respectively) in colorectal carcinoma than in the colonic adenoma and adjacent non-neoplastic mucosa. The immunohistochemistry staining of these proteins did not show significant differences with the clinical and pathological characteristics of colorectal cancer and colonic adenoma. Conclusions These results suggest that, in adenomas, the lower expression of the beta-catenin, axin 1 and GSK3β proteins indicated that the destruction complex of beta-catenin was maintained, while in colorectal carcinoma, the increased expression of beta-catenin, GSK3β, axin 1, and ubiquitin proteins indicated that the destruction complex of beta-catenin was disrupted.


RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o complexo de destruição da betacatenina no carcinoma colorretal e no adenoma do colo pela expressão das proteínas betacatenina, adenomatous polyposis coli, GSK3β, axina e ubiquitina. Métodos Amostras de tecidos de 64 doentes com carcinoma colorretal e de 53 pacientes com adenoma do colo foram analisadas. Blocos de tecidos foram submetidos ao estudo imuno-histoquímico com anticorpos policlonais nos tecidos do carcinoma, mucosa não neoplásica adjacente e adenoma. A imunorreatividade foi avaliada pela porcentagem de positividade de células coradas e pela intensidade do grau de coloração das proteínas no citoplasma e no núcleo das células. Na análise estatística, foram utilizados o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman, os testes t de Student, χ2, Mann-Whitney e de McNemar, e a análise de regressão logística univariada. Resultados No carcinoma colorretal, as expressões da betacatenina e da adenomatous polyposis coli foram significativamente maiores do que em adenomas do colo (p<0,001 e p<0,0001, respectivamente). A imunorreatividade das proteínas GSK3β, axina 1 e ubiquitina foi significativamente maior (p=0,03, p=0,039 e p=0,03, respectivamente) no carcinoma colorretal do que no adenoma e na mucosa não neoplásica adjacente. A coloração imuno-histoquímica dessas proteínas não apresentou diferenças significantes em relação às características clinicopatológicas do câncer colorretal e do adenoma. Conclusões Em adenomas, as menores expressões de betacatenina, axina 1 e GSK3β indicaram que o complexo de destruição da betacatenina estava conservado, enquanto que, no carcinoma colorretal, o aumento das expressões da betacatenina, GSK3β, 1 axina, e ubiquitina indicaram que o complexo de destruição de betacatenina estava alterado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Rectal Neoplasms/metabolism , Carcinoma/metabolism , Adenoma/metabolism , Colonic Neoplasms/metabolism , Axin Signaling Complex/metabolism , Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism , Rectal Neoplasms/pathology , Immunohistochemistry , Carcinoma/pathology , Adenoma/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Colonic Neoplasms/pathology , Adenomatous Polyposis Coli/metabolism , Ubiquitin/metabolism , beta Catenin/metabolism , Axin Protein/metabolism , Wnt Signaling Pathway , Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta/metabolism
16.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 53(1): 55-60, Jan.-Mar. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-777117

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background Morbid obesity treatment through vertical gastroplasty Roux-en-Y gastric bypass initially used a contention ring. However, this technique may create conditions to the development of potentially malign alterations in the gastric mucosa. Although effective and previously performed in large scale, this technique needs to be better evaluated in long-term studies regarding alterations caused in the gastric mucosa. Objective To analyze the preoperative and postoperative endoscopic, histological and cell proliferation findings in the gastric antrum and body mucosa of patients submitted to the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with a contention ring. Methods We retrospectively evaluated all patients submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with a contention ring with more than 60 months of postoperative follow-up. We compared the preoperative (gastric antrum and body) and postoperative (gastric pouch) gastric mucosa endoscopic findings, cell proliferation index and H. pylori prevalence. We evaluated cell proliferation through Ki-67 antibody immunohistochemical expression. Results In the study period, 33 patients were operated with the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass using a contention ring. We found a chronic gastritis rate of 69.7% in the preoperative period (gastric antrum and body) and 84.8% in the postoperative (gastric pouch). H. pylori was present in 18.2% of patients in the preoperative period (gastric antrum and body) and in 57.5% in the postoperative (gastric pouch). Preoperative cell proliferation index was 18.1% in the gastric antrum and 16.2% in the gastric body, and 23.8% in the postoperative gastric pouch. The postoperative cell proliferation index in the gastric pouch was significantly higher (P=0.001) than in the preoperative gastric antrum and body. Higher cell proliferation index and chronic gastritis intensity were significantly associated to H. pylori presence (P=0.001 and P=0.02, respectively). Conclusion After Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with contention ring, there was a higher chronic gastritis incidence and higher cell proliferation index in the gastric pouch than in the preoperative gastric antrum and body. Mucosa inflammation intensity and cell proliferation index in the postoperative gastric pouch were associated to H. pylori presence and were higher than those found in the preoperative gastric antrum and body mucosa.


RESUMO Contexto O tratamento da obesidade mórbida através da gastroplastia vertical com derivação gastrojejunal em Y de Roux inicialmente utilizou o anel de contenção. No entanto, essa técnica pode criar condições para o desenvolvimento de alterações potencialmente malignas na mucosa gástrica. Apesar de eficaz e realizada anteriormente em grande escala, essa técnica precisa ser melhor avaliada em estudos de longo prazo em relação às alterações causadas na mucosa gástrica. Objetivo Analisar os achados endoscópicos, histológicos e da proliferação celular na mucosa do antro e corpo gástricos no pré-operatório e no pós-operatório de pacientes submetidos à derivação gastrojejunal em Y de Roux com anel de contenção. Métodos Avaliamos retrospectivamente todos os pacientes submetidos à derivação gastrojejunal em Y de Roux com anel de contenção e mais de 60 meses de seguimento pós-operatório. Comparamos os achados endoscópicos da mucosa gástrica, o índice de proliferação celular e a prevalência do H. pylori no pré-operatório (antro e corpo gástricos) e no pós-operatório (bolsa gástrica). Avaliamos a proliferação celular pela expressão imuno-histoquímica do anticorpo Ki67. Resultados No período do estudo, 33 pacientes foram operados com a derivação gastrojejunal em Y de Roux usando anel de contenção. Encontramos a taxa de gastrite crônica de 69,7% no período pré-operatório (antro e corpo gástrico) e 84,8% no pós-operatório (bolsa gástrica). O H. pyloriestava presente em 18,2% dos pacientes no período pré-operatório (antro e corpo gástrico) e em 57,5% no pós-operatório (bolsa gástrica). O índice de proliferação celular pré-operatório foi de 18,1% no antro gástrico e 16,2% no corpo gástrico, e de 23,8% na bolsa gástrica no pós-operatório. O índice de proliferação celular pós-operatório na bolsa gástrica foi significantemente maior (P=0,001) do que no antro e corpo gástrico no pré-operatório. O maior índice de proliferação celular e a intensidade da gastrite crônica na bolsa gástrica associaram-se significantemente à presença do H. pylori(P=0,001 e P=0,02, respectivamente). Conclusão Após a derivação gastrojejunal em Y de Roux com anel de contenção, houve maior incidência de gastrite crônica e maior índice de proliferação celular na bolsa gástrica do que no antro e corpo gástricos no pré-operatório. A intensidade da inflamação da mucosa e o índice de proliferação celular encontrados na bolsa gástrica no pós-operatório associaram-se à presença doH. pylori e foram maiores do que os encontrados na mucosa gástrica do antro e corpo gástricos no pré-operatório.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Gastric Bypass/methods , Helicobacter pylori , Helicobacter Infections/pathology , Gastric Mucosa/microbiology , Gastritis/microbiology , Severity of Illness Index , Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y , Immunohistochemistry , Gastric Bypass/adverse effects , Chronic Disease , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Helicobacter Infections/etiology , Cell Proliferation , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Gastritis/pathology , Middle Aged
17.
Acta cir. bras ; 31(1): 44-52, Jan. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-771852

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To study the expression of HER2, p53 and Ki67 proteins in cystoplasties. METHODS: Sixty rats were distributed randomly into three groups of 20 animals. Bladder augmentation was held to increase with ileum (Group I), colon (Group II) and stomach (Group III). Tissue samples of neobladder was collected from each rat to its own control. The animals were sacrificed after 12 weeks. The neobladder was withdrawn for immunohistochemitry analysis of p53, HER2 and Ki67 expression. Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical study. RESULTS: There were no significant changes in the expression of p53 and HER2 proteins. It was observed significant increase (p<0.0001) in Ki67 expression in all groups, when compared with their respective controls. When the study groups were compared with each other, there was increase of cell proliferation in the largest gastrocystoplasties in respect of ileocystoplasties (p=0.004) and colocystoplasties (p=0.003). CONCLUSION: We observed significant increase of cell proliferation characterized by Ki67 protein in the digestive tract of the ileocystoplasties, the colocystoplasties and the gastrocystoplasties and this increase was significantly greater in gastrocystoplasties.


Subject(s)
Animals , Colon/metabolism , Ileum/metabolism , /metabolism , Lower Gastrointestinal Tract/surgery , /metabolism , Stomach/metabolism , /metabolism , Urinary Bladder/surgery , Colon/transplantation , Immunohistochemistry , Ileum/transplantation , Lower Gastrointestinal Tract/metabolism , Rats, Wistar , Statistics, Nonparametric , Stomach/transplantation , Urinary Bladder/metabolism
18.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 13(4): 510-517, Oct.-Dec. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-770491

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To determine the presence of glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular matrix of connective tissue from neoplastic and non-neoplastic colorectal tissues, since it has a central role in tumor development and progression. Methods Tissue samples from neoplastic and non-neoplastic colorectal tissues were obtained from 64 operated patients who had colorectal carcinoma with no distant metastases. Expressions of heparan sulphate, chondroitin sulphate, dermatan sulphate and their fragments were analyzed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, with the technique for extraction and quantification of glycosaminoglycans after proteolysis and electrophoresis. The statistical analysis included mean, standard deviation, and Student’st test. Results The glycosaminoglycans extracted from colorectal tissue showed three electrophoretic bands in agarose gel. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry showed characteristic disaccharide fragments from glycosaminoglycans, indicating their structural characterization in the tissues analyzed. Some peaks in the electrospray ionization mass spectrometry were not characterized as fragments of sugars, indicating the presence of fragments of the protein structure of proteoglycans generated during the glycosaminoglycan purification. The average amount of chondroitin and dermatan increased in the neoplastic tissue compared to normal tissue (p=0.01). On the other hand, the average amount of heparan decreased in the neoplastic tissue compared to normal tissue (p= 0.03). Conclusion The method allowed the determination of the glycosaminoglycans structural profile in colorectal tissue from neoplastic and non-neoplastic colorectal tissue. Neoplastic tissues showed greater amounts of chondroitin sulphate and dermatan sulphate compared to non-neoplastic tissues, while heparan sulphate was decreased in neoplastic tissues.


RESUMO Objetivo Determinar a presença de glicosaminoglicanos na matriz extracelular do tecido conjuntivo colorretal neoplásico e não neoplásico, tendo em vista seu papel central no desenvolvimento e na progressão dos tumores. Métodos Amostras de tecidos colorretais neoplásicos e não neoplásicos foram obtidas de 64 pacientes operados com carcinoma colorretal sem metástases a distância. As expressões de heparan sulfato, sulfato de condroitina e sulfato de dermatan e seus fragmentos foram analisadas por espectrometria de massa por ionização por electrospray, com técnica de extração e quantificação de glicosaminoglicanos após proteólise e eletroforese. Para análise estatística, utilizaram-se média, desvio padrão e teste t de Student. Resultados Em gel de agarose, os glicosaminoglicanos extraídos de tecido colorretal mostraram três bandas eletroforéticas. A espectrometria de massa por ionização por electrospray mostrou fragmentos de dissacarídeos característicos de glicosaminoglicanos e indicou sua característica estrutural. Alguns picos na espectrometria de massa por ionização por electrospray não foram caracterizados como fragmentos de açúcares, sugerindo a presença de fragmentos de proteínas estruturais dos proteoglicanos, formadas durante a purificação dos glicosaminoglicanos. A quantidade média de condroitina e dermatan aumentou no tecido neoplástico em relação ao tecido normal (p=0,01). Por outro lado, a quantidade média de heparan foi menor no tecido neoplásico em relação ao tecido normal (p=0,03). Conclusão O método empregado permitiu determinar o perfil estrutural dos glicosaminoglicanos nas amostras. Tecidos neoplásicos apresentaram maiores quantidades de sulfato de condroitina e sulfato de dermatan em comparação com os não neoplásicos, enquanto o sulfato de heparan foi encontrado em menores quantidades nos tecidos neoplásicos.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Carcinoma/chemistry , Colorectal Neoplasms/chemistry , Extracellular Matrix/chemistry , Glycomics/methods , Glycosaminoglycans/analysis , Carcinoma/pathology , Chondroitin Sulfates/analysis , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Connective Tissue/chemistry , Disease Progression , Dermatan Sulfate/analysis , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Heparitin Sulfate/analysis , Mucous Membrane/metabolism , Proteolysis , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
19.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 52(3): 180-185, July-Sep. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-762870

ABSTRACT

BackgroundThe impact on quality of life attributed to treatment for rectal cancer remains high. Deterioration of the urinary function is a relevant complication within that context.ObjectiveTo detect the presence of urinary dysfunction and its risk factors among individuals underwent surgical treatment for rectal cancer.MethodsThe present prospective study analyzed 42 patients from both genders underwent surgical treatment for rectal adenocarcinoma with curative intent. The version of the International Prostatic Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaire validated for the Portuguese language was applied at two time-points: immediately before and 6 months after surgery. Risk factors for urinary dysfunction were analysed by means of logistic regression and Student’s t-test.ResultsEight (19%) participants exhibited moderate-to-severe urinary dysfunction 6 months after surgery; the average IPSS increased from 1.43 at baseline to 4.62 six months after surgery (P<0.001). None of the variables assessed as potential risk factors exhibited statistical significance, i.e., age, gender, distance from tumour to anal margin, neoadjuvant therapy, adjuvant therapy, type of surgery, surgical approach (laparoscopy or laparotomy), and duration of surgery.ConclusionThis study identified an incidence of 19% of moderate to severe urinary dysfuction after 6 months surveillance. No risk factor for urinary dysfunction was identified in this population.


ContextoA perda de qualidade de vida atribuída ao tratamento do câncer retal continua elevada. Neste contexto, a deterioração da função urinária é complicação relevante.ObjetivoIdentificar disfunção urinária e seus fatores de risco em doentes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico do câncer de reto.MétodosRealizou-se estudo prospectivo com 42 doentes de ambos os sexos submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico com intenção curativa para adenocarcinoma de reto. Foi utilizado o questionário International Prostatic Symptom Score, validado na língua portuguesa, em dois períodos: imediatamente antes e após 6 meses do procedimento cirúrgico. Os fatores de risco para disfunção urinária foram analisados por regressão logística e teste t de Student.ResultadosApós 6 meses do procedimento cirúrgico, oito (19%) doentes apresentaram disfunção urinária moderada a grave e aumento na média do escore utilizado de 1,43 pontos no pré-operatório para 4,62 pontos no pós-operatório (P<0,001). A análise de fatores de risco para disfunção urinária não mostrou significância para as variáveis estudadas, idade, gênero, distância tumoral da margem anal, neoadjuvância, adjuvância, procedimento cirúrgico realizado, via de acesso cirúrgico (laparoscópica ou laparotômica) e tempo operatório.ConclusãoNos doentes com carcinoma retal operados com intenção curativa, a incidência de disfunção urinária moderada a grave após 6 meses da operação foi de 19%. Não foram identificados fatores de risco para disfunção urinária nesses doentes.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Carcinoma/complications , Carcinoma/surgery , Postoperative Complications , Rectal Neoplasms/complications , Rectal Neoplasms/surgery , Urinary Tract/physiopathology , Urologic Diseases/etiology , Prospective Studies , Quality of Life , Risk Factors
20.
J. coloproctol. (Rio J., Impr.) ; 35(3): 156-161, July-Sept. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-761638

ABSTRACT

Colorectal cancer is linked to several signaling pathways such as Wnt pathway. Our objective is to detect and verify the integrity of protein members of Wnt signaling pathway in colorectal carcinoma and non-neoplastic colorectal tissue. Sixty-four patients with colorectal carcinoma provided samples of colorectal neoplasia and non-neoplastic tissues, which were prepared in tissue microarray blocks and subjected to immunohistochemical analysis. The primary antibodies used were Wnt-1, Wnt-2, Wnt-5a Frizzled-1, Frizzled-5 and axin. Immunoexpression of Wnt-2 protein was significantly lower in colorectal tumor tissue and axin protein immunoexpression was significantly higher in tumor tissue. There was no significant difference in the expression of Wnt-1, Wnt-5a, Frizzled-1 and Frizzled-5 proteins in both tissues. The higher expression of Wnt-2 protein in non-neoplastic colorectal tis- sue suggests the participation during the hyperproliferative stage of colorectal mucosa. The increased axin protein immunoexpression in colorectal tumor suggests a decrease in the formation of the beta-catenin destructor complex. (AU)


O câncer colorretal está ligado a várias vias de sinalização, como a via Wnt. Nosso objetivo é detectar e verificar a integridade das proteínas da via de sinalização Wnt no carcinoma colorretal e no tecido colorretal não neoplásico. Sessenta e quatro pacientes com carcinoma colorretal forneceram amostras de neoplasia e tecidos não neoplásicos, que foram colocadas em blocos de tissue microarray e submetidas à análise imuno-histoquímica. Os anticorpos primários utilizados foram Wnt-1, Wnt-2, Wnt-5a Frizzled-1, Frizzled-5 e axina. A imunoexpressão da proteína Wnt-2 foi significativamente menor no tecido tumoral e a imunoexpressão da proteína axina foi significativamente superior no tecido do tumor. Não houve diferença significativa na expressão de Wnt-1, Wnt-5a, frizzled-1 e nas proteínas Frizzled 1 e 5 em ambos os tecidos. A maior expressão de Wnt-2 da proteína no tecido colorretal não neoplásico sugere a participação desta proteína durante o estágio de hiperproliferação da mucosa colorretal. O aumento da imunoexpressão da proteína axina no tumor colorretal sugere uma diminuição na formação do complexo de destruição da proteína beta-catenina. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Rectal Neoplasms , Colorectal Neoplasms , Wnt Proteins , Intestinal Mucosa/immunology , Frizzled Receptors , Axin Protein , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology
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